Civil War, Patriotic Token 1863 - The Federal Union

Country * Tokens * (United States - Civil War Tokens)
Type: Patriotic Tokens 
Year: Undated (1862-1864)
Value: 1 Cent (l0.01)
Currency: Civil War Tokens
Composition: Copper
Weight: 2.8 g
Diameter: 19.8 mm
Grade: VF/XF
Shape: Round
Orientation: Medal alignment ↑↑
References: Fuld# 219/323

Obverse:
By 1862, the second year of the Civil War, government-issued coinage began vanishing from circulation. American citizens hoarded all coins with gold and silver, and eventually began hoarding copper-nickel cents as well. This made it extremely difficult for businesses to conduct transactions. In response, many merchants turned to private minters to fill the void left by the hoarded coins. The first of these privately minted tokens appeared in the autumn of 1862, by H. A. Ratterman, in Cincinnati, Ohio. It is estimated that by 1864, there were 25,000,000 Civil War tokens (nearly all redeemable for one cent) in circulation, consisting of approximately 7,000–8,000 varieties.

Lettering: ARMY AND NAVY

Reverse:
Lettering:
THE FEDERAL UNION
IT MUST AND SHALL BE PRESERVED
*************

Edge:
Smooth.

Referenz : Fuld# 219/323

Quelle : https://en.numista.com/catalogue/exonumi...

Sammlung : US Colonial Issues, Tokens USA & North America (1616-date)