ALEXANDER THE GREAT and HIS SUCCESSORS

PHILIP II OF MACEDON (359-336 BC)

KINGS OF MACEDON Philip II of Macedon ( Ancient Greek: Φίλιππος Β΄ ὁ Μακεδών , born 382 BCE in Pella, died 336 BCE in Aigai) was the king of Macedon from the Argead dynasty...

ALEXANDER III THE GREAT (336-323 BC)

KINGS OF MACEDON Alexander III of Macedon (ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Τρίτος ὁ Μακεδών), also known as Alexander the Great (Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας) and the Invincible (ἀνίκητος), was born on July 19–20, 356 BCE...

ALEXANDER III THE GREAT (336-323 BC)

KINGS OF MACEDON Alexander III of Macedon (ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Τρίτος ὁ Μακεδών), also known as Alexander the Great (Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας) and the Invincible (ἀνίκητος), was born on July 19–20, 356 BCE...

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ALEXANDER III THE GREAT (336-323 BC)

KINGS OF MACEDON The Death of Alexander the Great Alexander's health deteriorated in the summer of 324 BCE in Ecbatana, following the death of Hephaestion—his friend, companion, and likely lover. He spent a fortune...

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PHILIP III ARRHIDAIOS (323-317 BC)

KINGS OF MACEDON "The Impaired King" Philip III Arrhidaeus – King of Macedonia and nominal ruler of Egypt. He was the illegitimate son of Philip II of Macedon and Philinna, and the half-brother of...

ANTIGONOS I MONOPTHALMOS (306-301 BC)

KINGS OF MACEDON "The Antigonid Dynasty" Antigonus I Monophthalmus (Greek: Antigonos Monophthalmos or Kyklops) (born c. 382 BCE, died 301 BCE) – a general of Alexander III, one of the Diadochi, father of Demetrius...

LYSIMACHOS (305-281 BC)

KINGS OF THRACE Lysimachus – A Successor of Alexander the Great Lysimachus, one of Alexander the Great’s trusted generals, was a central figure during the turbulent period following Alexander’s death in 323 BCE. As...

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PTOLEMY I SOTER (satrap, 323-305 BC)

PTOLEMAIC KINGS OF EGYPT Alexander – Son of Ammon Alexander entered Egypt at the end of 332 BCE, where he was regarded as a liberator from Persian occupation. To legitimize his claim to power...

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PTOLEMY I SOTER (305/4-282 BC)

PTOLEMAIC KINGS OF EGYPT Ptolemy I Soter – King of Egypt In 305 BCE, Ptolemy I Soter (Πτολεμαῖος Σωτήρ), the son of Lagus and Arsinoe, proclaimed himself King of Egypt, adopting the title of...

PTOLEMY II PHILADELPHOS (285-246 BC)

PTOLEMAIC KINGS OF EGYPT Ptolemy II Philadelphus – Life and Reign Ptolemy II Philadelphus (c. 309–246 BCE) was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty, and Berenice I. He was...

SELEUKOS I NIKATOR (312-281 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA Seleucus I Nicator – Diadoch of Alexander the Great and Founder of the Seleucid Empire Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ – Seleucus I the Victor (born ca. 358, died 281 BCE) – one...

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SELEUKOS I NIKATOR (312-281 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA Seleucus I Nicator – Diadoch of Alexander the Great and Founder of the Seleucid Empire Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ – Seleucus I the Victor (born ca. 358, died 281 BCE) – one...

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ANTIOCHOS I SOTER (281-261 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA "Soter – The Savior" Antiochus Soter was the last ruler to be attributed the ancient Mesopotamian title "King of the Universe." After the assassination of his father, Seleucus I Nikator,...

ANTIOCHOS II THEOS (261-246 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA "Theos – The God" Antiochus Theos, after the death of his father, Antiochus I, became the ruler of the Seleucid Empire, which was still vast and largely intact. He spent...

ANTIOCHOS III THE GREAT (222-187 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA "Megas Basileus – The Great King" Antiochus the Great ( Antiochus ho Megas ) was the younger son of Seleucus II Callinicus and the successor of his older brother, Seleucus...

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ANTIOCHOS III THE GREAT (222-187 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA "The Battle of Raphia" In the Battle of Raphia in 217 BCE, Ptolemy IV, with 73 North African elephants, faced the army of Antiochus III, who commanded 103 Indian elephants....

ANTIOCHOS IV EPIPHANES (175-164 BC)

SELEUKID KINGS OF SYRIA Denomination: Tetradrachm, Ag Obverse: Diademed head of Antiochos IV to right; behind, monogram of AB Reverse: Zeus Nikephoros seated left, holding Nike in his right hand and long scepter in...

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